Cabo Verde Solar Report

Discover comprehensive insights into the statistics, market trends, and growth potential surrounding the solar panel manufacturing industry in Cabo Verde

  1. Weather and climate (n.d.). Average Monthly Sunshine hours in Boa Ventura. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://weather-and-climate.com/average-monthly-hours-Sunshine,boa-ventura-boa-vista-cv,Cape-Verde
  2. Weather and climate (n.d.). Average Monthly Sunshine hours in Praia. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://weather-and-climate.com/average-monthly-hours-Sunshine,praia,Cape-Verde
  3. Climate top (n.d.). Sunshine & Daylight Hours in Sal, Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.climate.top/cape-verde/sunlight/
  4. International Renewable Energy Agency (2024, July 31). Energy profile – Cabo Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Statistics/Statistical_Profiles/Africa/Cabo-Verde_Africa_RE_SP.pdf
  5. Global Petrol Prices (n.d.). Cape Verde electricity prices. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.globalpetrolprices.com/Cape-Verde/electricity_prices/
  6. Rio Times online (2023, June 1). Blackouts in Cape Verde dropped 53% in 2022 to 51 hours without electricity. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/lusophone-world/blackouts-in-cape-verde-dropped-53-in-2022-to-51-hours-without-electricity/ 
  7. International Renewable Energy Agency (2024). Renewable energy statistics 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2024/Jul/IRENA_Renewable_Energy_Statistics_2024.pdf
  8. Macau news agency (2021, October 7). Cabo Verde: State plans renewable electricity production of 250 MW by 2030. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.macaubusiness.com/cabo-verde-state-plans-renewable-electricity-production-of-250-mw-by-2030/
  9. ECREE Secretariat (2011). Summary of Cape Verde Renewable Energy Plan. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from http://www.ecowrex.org/system/files/documents/2011_summary-of-cape-verde-renewable-energy-plan_ecreee.pdf
  10. Island studies journal (2018, June). Options for achieving Cape Verde’s 100% renewable electricity goal: a review. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Renewable-energy-sources-for-Cape-Verde_tbl4_330931881
  11. Local carbon power (2022). Electricity in Cape Verde in 2022. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://lowcarbonpower.org/region/Cape_Verde
  12. Statista (2024, January 31). Share of individuals with a reliable supply of electricity in Cabo Verde in 2019. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1315856/share-of-individuals-with-a-reliable-supply-of-electricity-in-cabo-verde/
  13. Goalfore advisory news (2024, April). Construction begins on Cape Verde solar IPP. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://news.goalfore.com/detail/64043/construction-begins-on-cape-verde-solar-ipp.html
  14. Discover Cape Verde (2023, March 10). More solar power for Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.discover-cape-verde.com/more-solar-power-cape-verde/
  15. Open Infra map (n.d.). All 54 power plants in Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://openinframap.org/stats/area/Cape%20Verde/plants
  16. Offgrid installer (n.d.). Off-grid power in Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://offgridinstaller.com/blog/off-grid-in-cape-verde/
  17. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (n.d.). Bringing solar power to rural areas of Cabo Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.unido.org/news/bringing-solar-power-rural-areas-cabo-verde
  18. PV Magazine (2023, March 23). Cape Verde kicks off tender for 3.4 MW of solar. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.pv-magazine.com/2023/03/23/cape-verde-kicks-off-tender-for-3-4-mw-of-solar/
  19. The ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (2024, July 18). Prime Minister of Cabo Verde inaugurates clean energy mini-grid on Fogo Island. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.ecreee.org/prime-minister-of-cabo-verde-inaugurates-clean-energy-mini-grid-on-fogo-island/
  20. Enair Energy (n.d.). A village with more than 700 people fed with renewable energy in Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.enair.es/en/articles/report/a-village-with-more-of-700-people-fed-with-renewable-in-cape-verde
  21. Circutor (2012, March). Rural photovoltaic micro-grid with individual energy allowance scheme powers a 60 homes village in Santo Antão (Cabo Verde). Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://circutor.com/docs/CirMagazine2012-03-EN-Cabo-Verde.pdf
  22. TimeCamp (n.d.). Average Salary in Cabo Verde (Cape Verde). Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.timecamp.com/average-salary/cabo-verde-cape-verde/
  23. Worldsalaries (2024). Average Mechanical and Electrical Engineer Salary in Cape Verde for 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://worldsalaries.com/average-mechanical-and-electrical-engineer-salary-in-cape-verde/
  24. Worldsalaries (2024). Average Electrical Worker Salary in Cape Verde for 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://worldsalaries.com/average-electrical-worker-salary-in-cape-verde/
  25. Worldometers (n.d.). Cabo Verde population. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/cabo-verde-population/
  26. The move channel (n.d.). Commercial – Warehouses in Palmeira, Palmeira, Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.themovechannel.com/investments/.
  27. Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI) (2020). Water Tariffing: What’s at stake? Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.siwi.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/AEWPP_-Water-Tariffing-2020_WEBB.pdf
  28. Coworker (n.d.). Coworking Spaces in Praia. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.coworker.com/cape-verde/praia?view=list
  29. World Bank Group (2019, February). Revisiting the Efficiency of Public Spending to Reduce Debt and Improve Education and Health Outcomes. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/ar/806461552536106467/pdf/Cabo-Verde-Revisiting-the-Efficiency-of-Public-Spending-to-Reduce-Debt-and-Improve-Education-and-Health-Outcomes-Public-Expenditure-Review.pdf
  30. International Trade Administration (2022, July 31). Cabo Verde – Country Commercial Guide. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/cabo-verde-renewable-energy
  31. Wikipedia (n.d.). Energy in Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Cape_Verde
  32. The African Energy Commission (AFREC) (n.d.). Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://au-afrec.org/cape-verde
  33. World bank group (2024, March). CREATING MARKETS IN CABO VERDE An Archipelago of Opportunity: Pathways to Foster Sustainable Private Sector–Led Growth. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.ifc.org/content/dam/ifc/doc/2024/cabo-verde-country-private-sector-diagnostic-en.pdf
  34. Gesto Energy Consulting (2011). Cape Verde Regulatory Framework for Renewable Energy Licensing. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://gestoenergy.com/project/cape-verde-regulatory-framework-for-renewable-energy-licensing/
  35. World bank group (2021, April 27). Project Information Document (PID). Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/734021628260766519/pdf/Project-Information-Document-Cabo-Verde-Renewable-Energy-and-Improved-Utility-Performance-Project-P170236.pdf
  36. ECREE Secretariat (2011). Summary of Cape Verde Renewable Energy Plan. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from http://www.ecowrex.org/system/files/documents/2011_summary-of-cape-verde-renewable-energy-plan_ecreee.pdf 
  37. International Trade Administration (2022, July 31). Cabo Verde – Country Commercial Guide. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/cabo-verde-renewable-energy 
  38. Gesto Energy Consulting (2011). Cape Verde Regulatory Framework for Renewable Energy Licensing. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://gestoenergy.com/project/cape-verde-regulatory-framework-for-renewable-energy-licensing/ 
  39. Afrik 21 (2024, April 12). Cabeolica in Cape Verde to invest $50m in expansion and storage. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.afrik21.africa/en/wind-power-cabeolica-in-cape-verde-to-invest-50m-in-expansion-and-storage/ 
  40. PWC (2024, August 13). Cabo Verde corporate – Tax credits and incentives. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/cabo-verde/corporate/tax-credits-and-incentives 
  41. ECREE Secretariat (2011). Summary of Cape Verde Renewable Energy Plan. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from http://www.ecowrex.org/system/files/documents/2011_summary-of-cape-verde-renewable-energy-plan_ecreee.pdf
  42. Gesto Energy Consulting (2011). Santiago 5 MW Solar PV development, Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://gestoenergy.com/project/santiago-5-mw-solar-pv-development-cape-verde/
  43. ENF solar (n.d.). Solar System Installers in Cape Verde. Retrieved September 16, 2024, from https://www.enfsolar.com/ares?directory=installer&utm_source=ENF&utm_medium=Cape+Verde&utm_content=130984&utm_campaign=profiles_installer

Key points

  • All figures have been converted into USD

Yearly sunshine (sun hours per year)

The total annual sunshine in Cabo Verde varies by location:

Boa Ventura (Boa Vista): Approximately 2,190 hours of sunshine annually.1

Sal: Approximately 2,552 hours of sunshine annually.2

Praia: The capital city experiences even more sunshine, averaging around 2,939 hours per year.3

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kWh per kWp installed

The annual average potential for photovoltaic (PV) energy generation in Cabo Verde is between 1.4 and 1.9 MWh/kWp.4

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Average cost per kWh from utility company

As of September 2023, the average cost of electricity (including power supply, distribution, and taxes) is approximately 0.309 $/kWh for residential customers and 0.198 $/ kWh for businesses.5

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Reliability of electrical power supply grid

The reliability of the electrical power supply grid in Cabo Verde has shown improvement in recent years, particularly regarding power outages.6

In 2022, the total blackout time decreased by 53%, resulting in an average of 51.2 hours of outages per year. This marked a significant drop from 110 hours in 2021. The island of Brava continues to face challenges, with the highest number of interruptions, although it also saw improvements from the previous year.

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Distribution losses also represent a significant issue, with total electricity losses reaching 24.4% of national production in 2022, primarily due to technical issues and energy theft. This figure reflects a slight improvement from 25.5% in 2021.

 

Detailed Information

  • All figures have been converted into USD
  • Total solar panel production capacity (installed)

    Total installed solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity in Cabo Verde is approximately 26 MW.7

    Total solar panel production capacity (projected)

    By 2030, Cabo Verde is projected to achieve 250 MW of installed renewable energy capacity, with 64 percent of this being solar power (approximately 160 MW).8

    Average costs of various electricity generation sources (coal, natural gas, solar, etc)

    • Fossil Fuels (heavy fuel-based production) – 0.144 $/MWh
    • Fossil Fuels (power stations running on gasoil) – 0.277 $/MWh
    • Wind power- 0.055 $/MWh
    • Solar Power – 0.28 $/MWh910

    Percentages of various electricity generation sources (coal, natural gas, solar, etc)

    • Fossil Fuels (thermal power): 83.7%
    • Wind Power: 14%
    • Solar Power: 2.3% 11

    Average daily availability of electricity from the national grid (measured in hours)

    In 2019, 81 percent of the population in Cabo Verde had access to an electricity supply that was reliable most or all of the time, while 10% of the individuals did not have a connection to the electric grid.6

    In 2022, Cape Verde experienced approximately 51 hours without electricity annually due to blackouts. Therefore, the average daily availability of electricity from the national grid in Cape Verde is approximately 23.85 hours.12

    Number of residential solar panel installations

    The exact number of residential solar kits installed in Cabo Verde is not currently available. However, households in Cabo Verde typically rely on microgrids to utilize solar power.9

    Total number of solar farms (installed and projected)

    There are approximately 50 solar farms in Cabo Verde, among which the largest are:131415

    • Santiago Solar PV Plant: 5 MW capacity, operational since 2010.
    • Sal Solar PV Plant:5 MW capacity, also operational since 2010.
    • São Vicente PV Plant: 5 MW capacity, expected to begin commercial production in December 2024.
    • New Developments: Four new solar farms are planned on the islands of Fogo (1.3 MW), Santo Antão (1.2 MW), São Nicolau (0.4 MW), and Maio (0.4 MW), with commissioning expected by June 2025.

    Off-grid market demand for solar panels (current and projected)

    The off-grid market demand for solar panels in Cabo Verde is driven by the need for reliable electricity access in rural and isolated areas. The government and various organizations are exploring microgeneration options using solar technologies that can provide essential services such as lighting and water pumping. Here are few examples:1617

    • On São Nicolau, 40 farmers have switched from diesel to solar irrigation, reducing costs and enabling more affordable food supplies to Santiago markets.
    • In Brava, local fishermen use solar power for ice production and preserving fish that was previously discarded and improving village lighting.
    • For residents and businesses across Cabo Verde, Offgridinstaller provides solar solutions that include battery storage and can be quickly installed, whether on existing buildings or in pre-fitted containers.

    On-grid market demand for solar panels (current and projected)

    In Cabo Verde, the on-grid solar market is expanding significantly. Government initiatives include new solar parks of 3.4 MW of additional solar capacity planned for Santiago, São Vicente, São Nicolau, and Maio, reflecting Cabo Verde’s commitment to enhancing its solar infrastructure and energy reliability across the archipelago.9

    The village of Vale da Custa, home to over 700 residents, now operates 100% on renewable energy through a cutting-edge solar and electric hybrid system, replacing inefficient gasoline generators and providing essential services and public lighting to 117 homes, a school, administrative buildings, and businesses.18

    The microgrid project on Santiago Island integrates solar power to provide stable and sustainable electricity to Pedra Badejo, addressing the energy needs of a previously underserved area.19

    Monte Trigo Project: This rural photovoltaic micro-grid, operational since 2012, serves 60 homes in Santo Antão and produces an average of 74 kWh daily, supporting various community facilities.20

    The ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (CEREEC) inaugurated a clean energy mini-grid project in Chã das Caldeiras, Fogo, featuring a 40 kWp solar PV system and a 5-kilometer distribution network to provide universal electricity access to approximately 800 residents.Bottom of Form.21

    Average monthly income of workers in solar industry (labor cost)

    • The average monthly salary in Cabo Verde ranges $150 – $200.22
    • Mechanical and Electrical Engineer: the average monthly salary is approximately $1,960. 23
    • Electrical Worker: the average monthly salary is approximately $685.24

    Population of the country

    The current population of Cabo Verde is 525,398.25

    Average overhead costs of solar panel production (with a brief breakdown)

    Estimate for Factory Rent 26

    While rent prices are not available, the average sales price for industrial and logistics properties in Cabo Verde is approximately $375/m².

    Industrial Electricity Rates 5

    As of 2023, the average electricity price in Cabo Verde is approximately 0.198 $/kWh.

    Water Costs 27

    The average water tariff in Cabo Verde is approximately 5.17 $/m³.

    Salaries and Wages 2324

    Worker of solar industry in Cabo Verde earn between $685 and $1960 monthly, depending on the position.

    Rent for Office Space 28

    Private office rents in Praia range from $222 to $278 per month.

    Insurance 29

    The average insurance spending per capita in Cabo Verde is approximately $37 (including health insurance).

    A summary of the energy infrastructure

    830313233

    Energy Mix

    Cabo Verde’s energy infrastructure is characterized by a heavy reliance on imported fossil fuels, with almost 84% of electricity produced from thermal sources. The country is making significant efforts to transition towards renewable energy sources, aiming to achieve 50% of its electricity from renewables by 2030 and 100% by 2050.

    Infrastructure and Interconnections

    Cabo Verde lacks significant fossil fuel reserves and relies heavily on imported petroleum products, which account for about 80% of its total energy supply. The country has no petroleum refineries, only storage facilities, and approximately half of the imported fuel is re-exported due to its strategic maritime location.

    Main Government Institutions

    Key institutions involved in Cabo Verde’s energy sector include:

    • Electra:The primary electricity and water utility company, which serves all islands except Boa Vista, where a public-private partnership operates. The government is currently working on restructuring Electra to enhance efficiency and attract private investment in the energy sector.
    • ECOWAS Center for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE): Established to promote renewable energy and efficiency.
    • Ministry of Industry, Trade and Energy: Responsible for overseeing the energy sector and implementing policies related to renewable energy.
    • Direcção Geral da Energia: The regulatory body that manages the overall energy framework and ensures compliance with established laws.

    Policy Goal

    The government has set ambitious policy goals aimed at reducing dependence on fossil fuels and increasing the share of renewable energy in the national grid. The objectives include:

    • Achieving 50% renewable energy penetration by 2030.
    • Transitioning to a net-zero economy by 2050.
    • Implementing a phased approach to increase solar and wind capacity significantly, with plans for over 160 MW of new solar projects and more than 90 MW of wind farms

    Some of the government regulations surrounding solar panel production

    9303435

    Decree-Law 1/2011: This is the foundational legal framework for renewable energy production in Cabo Verde. It governs the licensing and operations of Independent Power Producers (IPPs) that wish to inject electricity from renewable sources, including solar, into the national grid. The decree also establishes Renewable Energy Development Zones (ZDER), which are pre-identified areas for renewable energy projects that have undergone environmental assessments.

    National Energy Policy: Adopted in 2008, this policy sets a vision for reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels by promoting renewable energy sources and improving energy efficiency. The government aims to achieve significant renewable energy penetration in the electricity mix, targeting 50% by 2030.

    Net Billing Regulation (2019): This regulation allows for net billing of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, enabling owners of solar installations to receive credits for excess electricity generated and fed back into the grid. This initiative is part of efforts to encourage private investment in solar energy

    Government initiatives in solar panel production (includes investments and subsidies)

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    Investments

    Utility-Scale Solar Projects: The Cabo Verdean government aims to achieve over 160 MW of new solar projects by 2030. This initiative is part of a broader strategy to increase the share of renewable energy in the electricity mix to 50% by the same year. The government recognizes the need for sustainable energy solutions due to high electricity costs and reliance on imported fossil fuels.

    Santiago Solar PV Project: This project was one of the first utility-scale solar installations in West Africa, demonstrating the feasibility of solar technology in Cabo Verde. It occupies 13 hectares, contributing to an increase in renewable energy from 1.3% in 2010 to 22% in 2013.

    Development of Renewable Energy Atlas: In 2010, the government developed a Renewable Energy Atlas to identify suitable locations for solar power plants, facilitating the harnessing of solar potential and reducing energy costs.

    Subsidies and Financial Incentives

    Net Billing Regulation (2019): This regulation allows households and businesses with solar installations to receive credits for excess electricity fed back into the grid, providing a financial incentive for adopting solar technology.

    International Funding Support: The government collaborates with international organizations such as the World Bank and Luxembourg Cooperation, which provide grants and funding to support renewable energy initiatives, including solar projects.

    Interest Rate Support for Micro Production of Renewable Energies: Families and micro and small companies can receive a 50% interest rate support on loans for purchasing and installing equipment for micro production of renewable energy, provided they comply with relevant legislation and fall under the normal low voltage category.

    CIT Benefits: A Corporate Income Tax (CIT) credit of up to 30% is available for eligible investments made in renewable energy projects.

    Customs Duty Benefits: A reduced customs duty rate of 5% applies to the importation of capital goods, raw materials, and supplies used in the production of renewable energy, including finished and semi-finished products.

    Notable solar projects in the country (installed and projected)

    411842

    Santiago Solar PV Plant:

    • Capacity: 5 MW, operational since 2010
    • Details: The Santiago Solar PV Plant has a capacity of 5 MW and has been operational since November 2010. It was one of the first utility-scale solar projects in West Africa and contributed to increasing the share of renewable energy in Cabo Verde’s electricity mix from 1.3% in 2010 to 22% in 2013.

    Sal Solar PV Plant:

    • Capacity: 5 MW, also operational since 2010
    • Details: The Sal Solar PV Plant has a capacity of 2.5 MW, and it was part of the same initiative as the Santiago project, operational around the same time.

    São Vicente PV Plant:

    • Capacity: 5 MW, expected to begin commercial production in December 2024.
    • Details: The São Vicente PV Plant is part of a new tender for two solar power plants (one on Sal and one on São Vicente), each with a capacity of 5 MW. These plants are expected to be developed under an independent power producer scheme and are projected to begin commercial production in December 2024.

    Renewable Energy and Improved Utility Performance Project (REIUP):

    • Capacity:
      • Fogo Island: 1.3 MW
      • Santo Antão Island: 1.2 MW
      • São Nicolau Island: 0.4 MW
      • Maio Island: 0.4 MW
    • Details: This project includes the construction of four new solar photovoltaic power plants across different islands. Construction is expected to start in August 2023, with commissioning set for June 2025. The project is co-financed by the World Bank and aims to increase energy production capacity significantly.

    Some of the notable solar companies (plus brief details on what they do)

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    Atlantic Renewable Energy Solutions Lda.

    • Headquarters: Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde
    • Website:https://www.arescv.com/
    • Details: A leading solar energy company in Cabo Verde, specialized in major solar projects including the large-scale Santiago Solar PV Plant, which plays a critical role in the island’s transition to renewable energy.

    GTek Lda

    • Headquarters: Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde
    • Website:https://gtek.cv/index.html
    • Details: GTek Lda is known for its contributions to solar infrastructure projects throughout the archipelago. The company is also member of the EcoInnovation Cluster from Luxembourg.

    ProSol

    • Headquarters: Matiota, S . Vicente, Cabo Verde
    • Website:https://prosol.cv/
    • Details: ProSol focuses on impactful solar installations, including the notable São Vicente PV Plant, which significantly enhances local renewable energy capacity.

    Repower

    • Headquarters: Palmarejo-Praia, Ilha de Santiago, Cabo Verde
    • Website:https://www.repower.cv/
    • Details: Repower is recognized for its advanced solar solutions and large solar farms, such as the Fogo Island solar project, which supports the island’s renewable energy goals.

    Cabopower Lda.

    • Headquarters: Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde
    • Website:https://cabopower.com/ (currently not working)
    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/cabo-power/
    • Details: Cabopower Lda. is involved in a range of projects, including public tenders related to renewable energy, solar and wind parks, and the national electric vehicle charging system.

    3C- Centro Competências Cabo Verde

    • Headquarters: Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde
    • Website:https://cdc3c.com/
    • Details: The company is engaged in advancing solar technology and implementing renewable energy projects across the islands.

    Solar Impact

    • Headquarters: Praia, Santiago, Cabo Verde
    • Website:https://solarimpact.cv/
    • Details: Solar Impact is known for its innovative solar projects and efforts to expand solar energy adoption across the islands, including their contributions to local community solar initiatives.

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